Phenomenal discovery: archaeologists uncover a significant artifact from pagan times (photo)

During the excavation of the episcopal basilica in Plovdiv, Bulgaria, archaeologists unearthed a marble head depicting Tyche, the Greek goddess of fortune, success, and prosperity. This finding, dated to the 1st to 3rd centuries AD, offers a rare opportunity to explore the religious and cultural heritage of the region, writes Arkeonews.

The excavation team, led by archaeologist Lyubomir Merdzhano, described the discovery as "phenomenal," highlighting its historical and artistic significance. Plovdiv, one of the oldest cities in Europe, originated from the ancient Thracian settlement of Eumolpia, which later became a fortified city during the Iron Age.

In the 4th century BC, Philip II of Macedon incorporated the city into his empire, renaming it Philippopolis. Tyche, revered as the protector of cities, played a key role in Greek culture, and her statue often symbolized prosperity and protection.

The elegantly crafted marble head, dated to the late 1st to mid-3rd centuries AD, showcases exceptional artistry. Following Hellenistic traditions, the artifact is adorned with a fresco crown, or corona muralis, depicting city walls and towers, symbolizing Tyche's role as the guardian of Philippopolis. The heart-shaped irises carved into the marble add a unique touch, further highlighting the craftsmanship of the statue.

Experts estimate that the statue stood approximately 2.5 meters tall, indicating that it was a prominent feature and part of a pre-Christian sanctuary. The early Christian practice of building churches on the sites of pagan temples makes this location promising for further research.

Archaeologists believe that the placement of the statue near the basilica's altar was intentional. The head may have been used as building material or deliberately positioned to signify the intersection of pagan and Christian traditions. Merdzhano noted that its placement could reflect a deeper cultural narrative, demonstrating the coexistence of different beliefs during a transitional period.

It is expected that after study and restoration, the artifact will be displayed in the Archaeological Museum of Plovdiv. Plans are also in place to raise the mosaics of the basilica to investigate the underground sanctuary and uncover additional statue fragments. This discovery not only deepens our understanding of ancient art but also provides invaluable insights into the spiritual life of Philippopolis.

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